Tuesday, December 30, 2025

Classic Cars That Are Shockingly Reliable


"1. Toyota Land Cruiser (1990–1997 J80 Series):
    Unstoppable durability: The 80-Series Land Cruiser is perhaps the most durable and dependable classic vehicle for sale at any price.
Owners routinely see 300,000+ miles on these trucks without major issues. While it's no sports car, the Land Cruiser's mission is clear: conquer any terrain and run forever.

2. Volkswagen Beetle (Type 1)
    Simple & reliable by design: Keep up with basic maintenance and this humble Beetle "will get you where you want to go".
    DIY-friendly: An iconic manual ("How to Keep Your Volkswagen Alive") empowered countless owners to rebuild and repair their Beetles themselves.

3. Ford Mustang (Good as Gold for 3 Decades 1965–1993)

    Every part available: The original Mustang is so well-documented that "every single part… can be found brand-new in the aftermarket", even entire body shells.
    Evolved reliability: Later Mustang generations overcame 1970s malaise; many 1980s "Fox-body" Mustangs now run modern crate engines good for 200,000 miles.

4. Jeep Cherokee (1984–2001 XJ)
    Engineered to last: The XJ Cherokee's rugged bones are "bulletproof", anchored by the legendary 4.0L inline-six engine.
    Huge support network: Decades of production mean vast forums and aftermarket support to solve any issue that'll arise.
    Simple & Solid: It's simple solid-axle 4×4 design and minimal electronics make it easy to repair, and many still tackle trails daily with six-figure mileage on the odometer.

5. BMW 3 Series (E30, 1984–1991)

    Proven over time: The BMW E30's once "space-age" design is now fully debugged; "all the bugs have long been worked out" over decades of use.
    Plentiful parts: Strong enthusiast demand means parts are plentiful and even interior trim can be sourced thanks to racing communities (americancollectors.com).

6. Mercedes-Benz W123 (1976–1985)
    Over-engineered excellence – The W123 is renowned as "one of the most over-engineered cars ever built", often still running strong at 400k+ miles.
    Built for the world: Equally at home cruising the Autobahn or crawling through the desert, these Mercs were designed to taxi people reliably across continents.
    Parts for decades: Mercedes still supplies parts for many W123 components, and a global fanbase keeps these diesel (and gasoline) classics on the road indefinitely.

7. Porsche 911 SC/Carrera (1978–1989)
    Low-stress performance: The late '70s–80s air-cooled 911s feature "under-stressed engines, rust-proofed bodies, and relatively simple electronics", making them the most trouble-free 911s to own.
    Built to drive, not sit: These 3.0L SC and 3.2L Carrera models can rack up high mileage when exercised regularly, with durable galvanized bodies resisting the rust that plagued earlier 911s.
...
The Porsche 911's mystique often comes with a reputation for finicky maintenance – but the 1978–1989 911 SC and Carrera 3.2 are notable exceptions.

8. Chevrolet Impala SS (1994–1996)
    Proven platform: Under the menacing body, the '94 -'96 Impala SS is essentially a police-grade Chevy Caprice, sharing its tough body-on-frame chassis and LT1 V8 with cop cars and taxis.
    Cheap, easy repairs: Parts are abundant and inexpensive; for example, a replacement transmission costs under $2,000 – pocket change compared to parts for European classics.
    Modern usability: Fuel-injected and built in the 1990s, it starts in any weather and runs with modern reliability, yet it's old-school enough to fix with basic tools.
The mid-90s Impala SS is a muscle sedan that's as dependable as they come. Chevy essentially took its workhorse Caprice (famed in fleets) and gave it a performance twist, meaning you get both brawn and reliability.

9. Chevrolet Corvette (C4–C6, 1984–2004)
    Sports car stamina: Later-generation Corvettes are "exceptionally reliable vehicles" that often exceed 100,000+ trouble-free miles without breaking all stock parts.
    Robust drivetrain: The Corvette's ubiquitous small-block V8 (LS-series in C5/C6) is famed for durability and simplicity, sometimes likened to taxicab reliability despite its high performance.
    Daily-driver friendly: Models from the late '80s through early 2000s have modern fuel injection and electronics that, aside from a few quirks (like the C4's quirky digital dash), prove very dependable long-term.

10. Datsun 280Z (1975–1978)
    Japanese sports car, reliable soul: The original 240Z earned fame for "the beauty of a Jaguar with much better reliability," and the later 280Z only improved on that.
    Tougher internals: The 280Z's engine and components were slightly beefed up from the 240Z, handling emissions add-ons and stress with ease once those are sorted.
    Racing longevity: These Z-cars are so robust that some are still competing in racing events into their sixth decade, a testament to their durable construction.
The Datsun 280Z blended vintage sports-car style with famously solid Japanese engineering. The earlier 240Z had already proven a sports car could be both exciting and dependable, and the fuel-injected 280Z refined that idea even further.

11. Plymouth Valiant (1960s–1970s)
    Slant-Six power: The Valiant's trusty 225 cid Slant-6 engine is legendary for running forever; it was nicknamed "the leaning tower of power" for its peculiar tilt and bulletproof nature.
    Uncomplicated mechanics: No frills here: carburetor, distributor, and a sturdy Torqueflite transmission. Simplicity = fewer things to break, and any competent mechanic (or amateur) can fix what does go wrong.

12. Ford Crown Victoria (1990s–2000s Panther Platform)

    Police-approved toughness: Built on the rugged Panther platform, the Crown Vic's body-on-frame construction and V8 powertrain can "take substantial abuse in stride" while keeping maintenance cheap.
    Fleet tested: Ubiquitous as police cruisers and taxis for decades, these cars routinely saw 200k+ hard miles; as civilian classics, they loaf through an easy life by comparison.
    Old-school simplicity: A stout 4.6L SOHC V8, simple 4-speed automatic, and minimal electronics make the Crown Vic relatively easy to service and very forgiving of neglect.
The Ford Crown Victoria—and its Panther-platform cousins, the Grand Marquis and Town Car—might be the toughest American sedans ever built.

13. Mazda MX-5 Miata (NA, 1990–1997)
    Reliable roadster: The Miata famously revived the idea of the classic British sports car "with the much-needed reliability baked in," earning praise for its long-term dependability.
    Simple and solid: A lightweight 1.6L/1.8L engine, manual gearbox, and minimal frills make the Miata mechanically straightforward; many engines last 200k+ miles with routine care.
    Daily fun, low cost: The Miata rates above average in reliability and has low ownership costs (low $400s annual maintenance), so you can enjoy spirited drives without worry.

14. Honda CR-X (1984–1991)
    Starts every time: Even decades later, a well-kept CR-X will "turn the key every morning and know that it'll get you back and forth to work" reliably.
    Honda bulletproofing: Lightweight and mechanically simple, the CR-X benefits from Honda's 1980s engineering excellence – engines known to run well past 150k miles and robust manuals that rarely fail.
    Efficient and fun: Besides reliability, it's also incredibly fuel-efficient and a blast to drive, making it a practical classic that doesn't need constant tinkering (unlike many '80s sporty cars).
Rust is the main threat, but mechanically, these cars are bulletproof. That's why clean examples are prized today—they deliver 80s charm, lively handling, and classic Honda dependability."


Monday, December 29, 2025

Windows for Internet of Things (IoT) on Raspberry Pi (also Windows for ARM)

Windows for IoT: Complete guide on features and uses (Mar, 2025):
    https://www.polimetro.com/en/Windows-for-IoT/
"Windows 10 IoT Core:
This edition is the lightest of the family Windows for IoT. It is optimized for devices with low consumption by small processors, like the Raspberry Pi. It only allows one application to run at a time, but maintains essential administration and security features."


An overview of Windows for IoT:
    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/product-family/windows-iot
"Windows for IoT comes in three editions.
Windows IoT Enterprise
A full version of Windows Enterprise with specialized features to create dedicated devices locked down to a specific set of applications and peripherals.
Windows Server IoT 2022
A full version of Windows Server 2022 that delivers enterprise manageability and security to IoT solutions.
Windows 10 IoT Core
The smallest member of the Windows 10 operating system family. While only running a single app, it still has the manageability and security expected from Windows 10."

Windows for IoT Documentation - Windows for IoT, formerly Windows Embedded, is a family of operating systems from Microsoft designed for use in embedded systems.
    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/

Windows 11 IoT Enterprise LTSC download:
    https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/evalcenter/download-windows-11-iot-enterprise-ltsc-eval
Minimum System Requirements for Windows IoT Enterprise:
    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot/iot-enterprise/Hardware/System_Requirements?tabs=Windows11LTSC
Download Windows 11 IoT Enterprise LTSC ISO – Complete Guide:
    https://www.itechtics.com/windows-11-iot-enterprise-ltsc-iso/
"This is a 90-day evaluation ISO. You will need to purchase a license of Windows 11 Enterprise LTSC after the evaluation to keep running the system. Otherwise, the wallpaper will turn black and the system will restart every hour."
"Hardware TPM requirements are relaxed for LTSC."
"The bloatware that comes with a regular Windows 11 installation isn't available in LTSC."
    https://pureinfotech.com/download-windows-11-ltsc-iso-file/

An overview of Windows 10 IoT Core:
    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/iot-core/windows-iot-core
Suggested Prototype Boards:
    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/iot-core/tutorials/quickstarter/prototypeboards
Windows 10 IoT Core Download (Jul, 2024):
    https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=53898
Windows 10 IoT Core for Raspberry Pi 2 / 3:
    https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=53360
Setting up a Raspberry Pi (outdated instructions?):
    https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/iot-core/tutorials/rpi
Windows on Raspberry imager:  https://worproject.com/downloads
"Chances are that you're coming from an outdated tutorial, so it's recommended to follow this guide:"
    https://worproject.com/guides/how-to-install
"... Raspberry Pi 2 rev 1.2, 3, 4 or 400. (minimum RAM requirement is 1 GB, but it will generally result in poor performance, especially on boards older than Raspberry Pi 4)"
FAQ - Windows on Raspberry imager:  https://worproject.com/faq
Raspberry Pi Imager:  https://www.raspberrypi.com/software/
"Raspberry Pi Imager is the quick and easy way to install Raspberry Pi OS and other operating systems to a microSD card, ready to use with your Raspberry Pi."

Setting up a Raspberry Pi:
    https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/windows-iotcore-docs/blob/main/windows-iotcore/tutorials/rpi.md

Windows Device Portal:
    https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/windows-iotcore-docs/blob/main/windows-iotcore/manage-your-device/DevicePortal.md
"The Windows Device Portal (WDP) lets you configure and manage your device remotely over your local network."

Getting Started With Windows IoT Core on Raspberry Pi:
    https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/downloads/pdf/getting-started-with-windows-iot-on-raspberry-pi.pdf

Win10 IoT Core on the Raspberry Pi (Also: Visual Studio):
    https://raspberry-projects.com/pi/pi-operating-systems/windows-10-iot-core/win10-iot-core-on-the-raspberry-pi

Embedded Systems With Windows IoT Core on Raspberry Pi - This free online course will help you leverage Windows IoT Core's full potential to advance your Raspberry Pi projects:
    https://alison.com/course/embedded-systems-with-windows-iot-core-on-raspberry-pi

Windows 10 IoT Core for Adafruit SPI Touchscreen (Sep, 2025):
    https://projects-raspberry.com/windows-10-iot-core-for-adafruit-spi-touchscreen/

How to Use Raspberry Pi in Windows: A Complete Guide:
    https://mechatronicslab.net/raspberry-pi-in-windows/
"FAQs:
1. Can I use a Raspberry Pi as a secondary Windows PC?
Yes, by installing Windows IoT Core or using tools like RDP, you can access a Windows-like environment on Raspberry Pi.

2. Is running full Windows 10 on Raspberry Pi practical?
While it's possible, performance may be limited compared to traditional PCs. It's more suitable for experimentation than daily use.

3. Can I program the Raspberry Pi from Windows?
Yes, using tools like SSH, Visual Studio, or even Python IDEs on your Windows PC, you can easily program your Raspberry Pi remotely."

10 Cool Raspberry Pi + Windows 10 IoT Core Projects:

    https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/raspberry-pi-windows-10-iot-core-projects/
"If you want to run a huge variety of specific windows apps, then Windows 10 IoT is a good choice. If you want to build a DIY magic mirror or simple Python script, then Windows 10 IoT is overkill."
"Management of Windows 10 IoT is through the web, and you need a Windows 10 PC to even install it, so it is dependent on a Windows environment from the start."

RPI Windows 10 IoT Sample Project - Create Simple Hello World Application for Raspberry Pi (Visual Studio):
    https://www.roboticlab.eu/homelab/en/iot-open/getting_familiar_with_your_hardware_rtu_itmo_sut/raspberrypi_rpi/building_your_first_project_winiot

How to Install Windows on a Raspberry Pi:  https://pimylifeup.com/raspberry-pi-windows/
"Despite the support of ARM within Windows, getting it to run on a Pi has been no easy task. A team of talented developers had to program a UEFI firmware for the Pi to even get the operating system to boot."

How to Install Windows 10 on Raspberry Pi:  https://raspberrytips.com/install-windows10-raspberry-pi/
"Microsoft is now working on an ARM version of the full Windows 10 system. Windows still doesn't officially support the Raspberry Pi, but with a few tools and a good tutorial, you can find a way to make it work on your device."
Note: Windows 11 is now available, the process is even simpler than the one explained in this tutorial. I highly recommend reading this other article if you are interested. 

How to Install Windows 10 on Raspberry Pi 4:
    https://www.techbloat.com/how-to-install-windows-10-on-raspberry-pi-4.html
"Hardware Requirements:
    Raspberry Pi 4 (preferably with 4GB or 8GB RAM for better performance)
    MicroSD Card (at least 64GB capacity, Class 10 or UHS-1 for speed)
    Power Supply: 5V/3A USB-C power adapter
    Display: HDMI monitor or TV
    Input Devices: USB keyboard and mouse
    Optional: External USB drive or SSD for additional storage
Software Requirements:
    Windows 10 ARM64 Image: Community builds or custom images tailored for Raspberry Pi
    Balena Etcher: For flashing images to MicroSD cards
    Windows PC: For preparing the installation media
    Network Connection: Ethernet or Wi-Fi for updates and driver downloads
    Additional tools: Hardware drivers, possibly included in community images"

Run Windows 10 on Raspberry Pi 3: 
    https://www.electronics-lab.com/run-windows-10-raspberry-pi-3/
    https://github.com/WOA-Project/WoA-Installer-Rpi  (This has been discontinued, see below ...)
    https://github.com/WOA-Project/WOA-Deployer-Rpi (Since replaced by Deployer - below ...)
    https://github.com/SuperJMN/Deployer - install Windows on ARM into Raspberry Pi.
"Microsoft's lightweight Windows 10 IoT was initially designed for Raspberry Pi, but this installer allows the full Windows 10 ARM experience.

Sunday, December 28, 2025

PowerShell Alternatives for iPad / iOS

PowerShell Alternatives for iPad / iOS
https://alternativeto.net/software/powershell/?platform=ipad
"PowerShell is not available for iPad but there are a few alternatives with similar functionality. The best iPad alternative is Termix (https://alternativeto.net/software/termix/about/), which is free. 
If that doesn't suit you, our users have ranked more than 50 alternatives to PowerShell and four of them are available for iPad so hopefully you can find a suitable replacement. 
Other interesting iPad alternatives to PowerShell are:

There used to be a product called iPowershell, but it appears to have been withdrawn from the market.

Using Python on iOS:  https://docs.python.org/3/using/ios.html

Scripting App:  https://www.scripting.fun/en.html
  https://apps.apple.com/us/app/scripting/id6479691128
  https://www.scripting.fun/doc_v2/guide/doc_v2/Quick%20Start

20 Useful Scripts and Automation Workflows for iPhone:
  https://www.hongkiat.com/blog/useful-iphone-scripts-automation-workflows/
Here are 20 useful shortcuts you can create:
  • Morning Routine Automation       Automatic Email Organization
  • Location-Based Reminders         Battery Saver Mode
  • Travel Time Estimation                Auto-Responder for Vacation
  • Automatic Text Replies                Automatic App Launcher
  • Expense Tracking                        Emergency Contact Notification
  • Custom Photo Editing                  Automatic Backup of Photos
  • Health and Fitness Tracker          Sleep Mode Activation
  • Meeting Preparation                     Automatic Focus Mode
  • Smart Home Control                     Home Security Check
  • Social Media Management           Personal Productivity Tracker

Check out this curated list of tools for iOS developers:
  https://github.com/ios-dev-tools/awesome-ios-dev-tools

Top 9 must have tools for IOS Developers in 2025:
  https://requestly.com/guides/top-9-must-have-tools-for-ios-developers-in-2025/

iOS App Development Tools – A Complete Guide:
  https://www.zazz.io/blog/ios-app-development-tools

11 Free iOS Development Tools Every Coder Needs:

  https://justtotaltech.com/free-ios-development-tools/

iOS Pathway - tutorials and more:  https://developer.apple.com/ios/get-started/


Friday, December 26, 2025

Raspberry Pi Weather Station

Collect and Display Weather Data with a Raspberry Pi:
  • Based on a Raspberry Pi, version 2 or later – like the Pi 3 with built-in Wi-Fi.
  • Astro Pi Sense HAT add-on board – for Raspberry Pi, Adafruit #2738, adafruit.com
    • use the Sense HAT to measure temperature, humidity, and barometric pressure
  • Temperature/humidity sensor (optional) – DHT22 type, Adafruit #385
"Weather Underground (WU) lets you set up your own station and upload your data for others to use; your data becomes part of the aggregate weather data, and you (and your neighbors) can view your station's data separately as well."
 
"The complete source code is available on Github. 

Tuesday, December 23, 2025

Reclaim system memory, reduce background load, & make Win-11 feel faster


" Although the operating system is designed to manage RAM efficiently, background services, startup apps, visual effects, and modern software workloads can quickly consume available memory."

...

How to use the new 'Virtual Workspaces' settings in Windows 11 to quickly enable (or disable) virtualization features


"... the last cumulative update for Windows 11 introduced a new version of the Settings app that includes a "Virtual Workspaces" page.
  1. Open Settings.
  2. Click on System.
  3. Click the Advanced page on the right side.
  4. Click the Virtual Workspaces setting."

15 Raspberry Pi Network Projects for Home and Office Use – RaspberryTips

https://raspberrytips.com/raspberry-pi-network-projects/

Monday, December 22, 2025

Immich: a Google Photos Alternative for Self-Hosted Photo Storage

"Immich is a self-hosted photo and video backup solution that runs well on Linux, particularly with a recommended setup using Docker
  • Ensure your system has at least 4GB of RAM and 2 CPU cores for optimal performance."
  • "... a NAS device, an old PC, or even a Raspberry Pi can suffice."
  • Setup a 24X7 Linux server with low power consumption @ home for all photos.  (Need a backup strategy also.)
  • Backup & Restore:  https://docs.immich.app/administration/backup-and-restore/


Immich: a Google Photos Alternative for Self-Hosted Photo Storage
    https://techpp.com/2025/05/20/immich-google-photos-alternative/

https://techpp.com/2025/05/20/immich-google-photos-alternative/
"Immich is the best self-hosted Google Photos alternative, offering a free, private, and feature-rich platform to back up and browse your photos using your own storage. With a familiar UI, AI search, facial recognition, and multi-device support, it's a powerful way to ditch paid cloud plans."


Immich Quick start (Linux):
 https://docs.immich.app/overview/quick-start/
"Requirements:
  •     A system with at least 4GB of RAM and 2 CPU cores.
  •     Docker - The Compose plugin will be installed by both Docker Engine and Desktop - Docker's containerization technology allows Immich to run in isolated environments, making deployment quick and reproducible.
https://docs.immich.app/install/requirements


Windows (10 or 11-PRO) requires Docker also:  https://docs.docker.com/desktop/setup/install/windows-install/
"Should I use Hyper-V or WSL?
Docker Desktop's functionality remains consistent on both WSL and Hyper-V, without a preference for either architecture. Hyper-V and WSL have their own advantages and disadvantages, depending on your specific setup and your planned use case."


Immich: Privacy-Focused Open-Source Google Photos Alternative:
    https://www.webpronews.com/immich-privacy-focused-open-source-google-photos-alternative/
"The primary benefit of self-hosting Immich is unparalleled privacy. Unlike Google Photos, which scans images for advertising and compliance purposes, Immich keeps your data local. This resonates with users wary of tech companies profiting from personal memories ..."


Immich: A Private and Powerful Alternative to Google Photos and Nextcloud Memories:
    https://www.laggner.info/posts/immich-a-powerful-alternative-to-google-photos/
"Immich is very easy to deploy using Docker, especially if you're already using Portainer to manage your containers."  https://docs.portainer.io/start/intro
    https://www.portainer.io/resources/get-started/install

    https://github.com/portainer/portainer
"Portainer Community Edition is a lightweight service delivery platform for containerized applications that can be used to manage Docker, Swarm, Kubernetes and ACI environments. It is designed to be as simple to deploy as it is to use. The application allows you to manage all your orchestrator resources (containers, images, volumes, networks and more) through a 'smart' GUI and/or an extensive API.
Portainer consists of a single container that can run on any cluster. It can be deployed as a Linux container or a Windows native container."

11 Docker Projects Every Raspberry Pi Owner Should Try – RaspberryTips

https://raspberrytips.com/docker-projects-for-raspberry-pi/

Thursday, December 18, 2025

11 Lesser-Known Raspberry Pi Projects You Can Actually Build – RaspberryTips

There are a couple of useful projects here:
https://raspberrytips.com/uncommon-project-ideas/

Scout Riflescopes | Burris Optics

https://www.burrisoptics.com/riflescopes/scout-riflescopes

Amega M1 Garand Mount

Pricey but has good reviews on FB.
https://www.amegamounts.com/product_pages/m1garand.php?fbclid=IwdGRleAOxuzJleHRuA2FlbQIxMQBzcnRjBmFwcF9pZAo2NjI4NTY4Mzc5AAEeLPuvEL-UDKAWvKdtpOleqEnp_zgugKpFIjoUUV7iDnGIPoNDyGzRc7-3qk4_aem__ps-Db8-bQWNyYqg-Vsvhg

CoffeeTime BIOS mod for 6th to 9th Gen Intel Core i CPUs - make a Small Form Factor PC fly.

CoffeeTime is a tool used for modifying BIOS to support newer Coffee Lake CPUs on older motherboards. It allows users to add necessary microcodes and make other adjustments to enable compatibility with these processors.

Guide: Running CoffeeLake/Refresh CPUs on Sky\KabyLake motherboards:
https://linustechtips.com/topic/1118475-guide-running-coffeelakerefresh-cpus-on-skykabylake-motherboards/
" *  Many of the 100- and 200-series motherboards can run Coffee Lake processors;
  *  Both production and engineering Core and Xeon processors can be used;
  *  The modified BIOS will still support Skylake and Kaby Lake CPUs provided the 506E3 and 906E9 microcodes are left in the BIOS;
  *  iGPU, PCIe x16, and NVME are fully operational after the modification;
  *  Coffeetime v. 0.99 adds 16-thread CPU support for most motherboards. Common sense and VRM limitations still apply.
  *  H310C, B365, and Z370 motherboards are capable of running Skylake and Kaby Lake CPUs after a ME version downgrade and inclusion of the necessary microcodes."

"There are 4 revisions of Coffee Lake CPUs, each requiring a specific microcode."  There is a link to the list in the article.
"Make sure to download a BIOS from the motherboard's manufacturer website. "
"Currently there are two automated BIOS modification tools available:
CoffeeTime by svarmod, The original guide (in Russian)
AllInOne_Tool by Revlaay, www.win-raid.com forum
This guide describes using the CoffeeTime."
"DO NOT use built-in firmware flashing utilities to flash a modified BIOS, it will not work."


Easy automated Mod tool for Coffee Lake bios:
https://winraid.level1techs.com/t/tool-easy-automated-mod-tool-for-coffee-lake-bios/32795

Download link: https://disk.yandex.com/d/i4FE9b-o3apk5b
https://mega.nz/#F!yCZWgSJb!98O4qDnhkNtVnzaQU2uSXg
"(!) For the program to work properly, neither the application path nor the BIOS file path may contain spaces, non-Latin, and non-letter characters."

ASUS-TUF-Z270-Mark-2-ReBarUEFI-CoffeeTime:
    https://github.com/xtomasnemec/ASUS-TUF-Z270-Mark-2-ReBarUEFI-CoffeeTime
Readme file:
    https://github.com/xtomasnemec/ASUS-TUF-Z270-Mark-2-ReBarUEFI-CoffeeTime/blob/master/README.md

HowTo: 8th/9th/10th Gen Intel (Coffee Lake) on Z170 Motherboard Bios Hack / Proper Guide!
     https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7nYV8QwwRg
Download the tools:
Coffeetime0.99
     https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ixu5...
Other Tools
     https://www.dropbox.com/s/mpsaqxahhtc...


Adventure: Running 8/9th gen Coffee Lake CPUs on Z170 motherboard (ASUS Maximus VIII Ranger):
https://www.techpowerup.com/forums/threads/adventure-running-8-9th-gen-coffee-lake-cpus-on-z170-motherboard-asus-maximus-viii-ranger.284375/
"For making this BIOS flash successful, you have to use an external programmer. In my case, I used a CH341A programmer. Luckily, the Maximus VIII Ranger has a removable BIOS chip. I took out the BIOS chip and first took a dump of the existing official BIOS from the chip. This is useful to preserve your board data like serial number, MAC address, licenses etc. Once done, I used a software called FD44Editor to pull of the data and inject it to the modified BIOS file. Once done, I erased the BIOS chip and flashed the modified BIOS. In my case, the flash was not successful even after multiple attempts but I put back the BIOS chip back on the board anyway. It did not start (Q-Code 00). But this time, I used ASUS USB BIOS Flashback (since BIOS chip was empty, flashback will flash all regions including the ones which were previously locked). And success. The system booted up fine with the i5 7600K and worked as good as it did with the original BIOS. Our BIOS modding is done."
" On the 6th and 7th gen CPUs, there are two consecutive contacts on the CPU which are grounded. When you install the CPU on the motherboard, these pads make a connection with the socket pins which "tells" the board to turn on.
"On 8th and 9th gen, that contact point is RSVD (reserved). Hence I needed to connect these two pins."
"To do that, I used a copper tape with adhesive and cut that accordingly. Extreme care is required for this step to make sure nothing else is shorted. Also note that connecting the CPU pads are not necessary but shorting the pins in the socket is what does the trick."  For some motherboards there are instructions to accomplish this same effect by soldering a small jumper on the M/B - this avoids modifying the CPU or socket.




Tuesday, December 16, 2025

iPod Shuffle 2nd Generation Battery Replacement - iFixit Repair Guide

https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/iPod+Shuffle+2nd+Generation+Battery+Replacement/3656

Winworldpc.com - an online museum of vintage software for early computers.

WinWorld from the past, to the present, for the future
        and more ...

"WinWorld is an online museum dedicated to the preservation and sharing of vintage, abandoned, and pre-release software. We offer information, media and downloads for a wide variety of computers and operating systems."

Use at your own risk ...

Saturday, December 13, 2025

Build a 6 drive TrueNAS with a very small PC (MiniPC NAS).

The commentary includes lots of options.

https://youtu.be/-bpEyuMO55E?si=GFObCU6i-C7VPQl5

Monday, December 8, 2025

FreeBSD Supported Processors and System Boards (pfSense too)

The official word on what hardware FreeBSD supports.  NOTE: pfSense runs on FreeBSD, so it can run on this hardware also, but for a fast LAN, use more than the minimum.

"FreeBSD supports the AMD64 ("Hammer") and Intel® EM64T architectures. AMD64 (also known as x86-64) is a fully-supported Tier 1 architecture. AMD64 supports all modern x86 processors. This release incorporates optimizations and enhancements to leverage the full capabilities of FreeBSD/amd64-based systems, delivering improved performance across a wide range of workloads."

"FreeBSD supports 64-bit ARM (known as arm64 or AArch64) as a Tier-1 architecture."  This includes the Raspberry Pi systems: https://wiki.freebsd.org/arm/Raspberry%20Pi
This doesn't necessarily mean the pfSene can be run on RPI - more research is needed.

Raspberry Pi (5) pfSense Using a VM: Complete Guide to Building a Virtual Firewall:
"IMPORTANT: pfSense is not officially supported on ARM-based architectures, which means you'll need to rely on virtualization (e.g., QEMU) to get it working"
"Virtualizing pfSense on top of Raspberry Pi OS introduces additional complexity in setup and maintenance."

pfSense baseline guide with VPN, Guest and VLAN support

Build a budget 10gbe router/firewall with pfSense

Good instructions for installing pfSense directly on a PC (bare metal):
Obviously, this tutorial can be used for other network speeds ...

Sunday, December 7, 2025

Ubuntu Network Discovery stuff

Remmina - Remote Desktop Client: https://snapcraft.io/remmina
"Remmina is a remote-desktop client written in GTK, to use other desktops remotely, from a tiny screen or large monitors.
Remmina supports multiple network protocols in an integrated and consistent user interface. The protocols currently supported are: X2Go, RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol), VNC (Virtual Network Computing), and SSH (Secure Shell / Open SSH)."

How to turn on Network Discovery and Share between computers with Samba:

Browse files on a server or network share: 

Also check wsdd-server

Should the shares be visible in the Windows and Ubuntu network folders?
" 'Computer name' in this context refers to the NetBIOS name of the machines. NetBIOS is a SMBv1 thing and without it there is no NetBIOS. Neither Windows or Samba enable SMBv1 by default."

wsdd-server binary package in Ubuntu:


"wsdd  implements both a Web Service Discovery (WSD) host and a WSD client daemon. The host implementation         enables (Samba) hosts, like your local NAS device, to be found by  Web  Service  Discovery  clients  like         Windows. The client mode allows searching for other WSD hosts on the local network.           The  default mode of operation is the host mode. The client or discovery mode must be enabled explicitly.         Unless configured otherwise, the host mode is always active. Both modes can be used at the same time."

Thursday, December 4, 2025

How to Build a low cost AI Workstation / Install useful AI software

How to Make a DIY AI Workstation on the Cheap:
https://medium.com/@neonmaxima/how-to-make-a-diy-ai-workstation-on-the-cheap-88e3abd99be5
"Gamers chase frame rates. AI tinkerers chase stability and memory bandwidth."

Upgrade RAM to the extent your budget can afford.  
Convert any HDD to SSD.  
Add a GPU - "A 3060 with 12GB VRAM is the sweet spot."
Install Linux - "Use nvidia-smi in the terminal to confirm the GPU is recognized."
Monitor temperatures to keep the PC healthy.
Consider upgrading to quiet fans.

"Setting Up AI Frameworks:
    The big two are PyTorch and TensorFlow.
    PyTorch has become the standard in research and open-source projects, so start there."

"Then grab your tools:
    Stable Diffusion WebUI for generating images.
    Ollama or LM Studio for running LLMs locally.
    LangChain if you want to build agents.
Each has active communities, which is worth more than documentation."


Build Your Own AI Homelab: A Practical Guide to Creating a Local AI Powerhouse:
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/build-your-own-ai-homelab-practical-guide-creating-local-brierley-axjpc
"With the right hardware and a bit of software savvy, anyone can set up their own AI homelab to run large language models (LLMs), experiment with machine learning workflows, and even fine-tune models ..."

"Recommendation: Don't skimp on the CPU, but prioritize your GPU. A modern 8- to 16-core CPU (e.g., AMD Ryzen 9 7950X or Intel i7/i9 12th/13th Gen) is plenty for most AI workflows."

"Top GPU Picks (2024–2025):
    Budget: RTX 3060 (12GB), used 2080 Ti
    Mid-range: RTX 4070 Ti, 4080 Super
    High-end: RTX 4090, A6000, used A100/V100 (datacenter)"

"RAM, Storage, and Networking:
    Minimum: 32GB
    Ideal: 64GB+"

"Storage:
    OS: 256GB SSD
    Models/Datasets: 1TB+ NVMe SSD (or RAID HDDs for larger sets)
    Backup: Optional NAS ..."

"Base Operating System
For a stable, long-term setup, choose an OS that is widely supported and well-documented.
   Recommended: Ubuntu Server 22.04 LTS
       Excellent support for NVIDIA drivers, Docker, and AI libraries
       Lightweight if you skip the GUI
       Massive community and package ecosystem"

"Other options:
    Proxmox: If you want to virtualize multiple systems
    Arch Linux: For bleeding-edge users (but more maintenance)
    Debian 12: Stable and lean
    Fedora Server: A valid option with newer packages"

"CUDA (GPU acceleration) Toolkit:
    Use the version required by your chosen PyTorch or TensorFlow version
    Avoid the latest CUDA unless you know it's compatible"

"Containerization with Docker:
  Docker is a must-have in an AI homelab. It helps isolate dependencies and ensures reproducibility.
      Install Docker + NVIDIA Container Toolkit"
...


Complete Guide to Making DIY AI Programs:
https://computeraidedautomation.com/infusions/articles/articles.php?article_id=224


Build Your Own AI: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners:
https://fonzi.ai/blog/build-your-own-ai


Build a Personal, Private AI Computer on a Budget:

https://aihalls.com/building-a-personal-private-ai-computer-on-a-budget/

Tuesday, December 2, 2025

Automotive: A Piston-To-Valve Clearance Trick


"If the intake valve is a little too close to the piston, retard the camshaft by two degrees. This will delay valve opening and will increase the piston-to-valve clearance on the intake side. 
The opposite is also true - a tight exhaust piston-to-valve clearance can be improved by advancing the camshaft. This will, of course, tighten the intake valve piston-to-valve clearance.
A compromise between the two just might get you out of a potential problem."

Per: Jeff Smith writing for Hemmings

Saturday, November 22, 2025

Taurus 850: a compact 5 shot DAO 38-Special Revolver

The new Taurus 850 delivers a five-shot, double-action-only snubnose .38 Special revolver. 

"You can't beat the basics, and that's exactly what the new Taurus 850 delivers: a five-shot, double-action-only snubnose .38 Special revolver. It's available in black or stainless and with a two- or three-inch barrel. Suggested retail price is only $425, and you know you're going to be able to score it for less, probably under $400, at your local gunshop."


" Since it's a double-action-only revolver, there's no hammer spur, removing a potential draw-snagging projection. With a gun that's so inexpensive you might be expecting a super-heavy, big-stacking trigger pull. Nope. The 850's pull weight was right at 10 pounds on average, with minimal stacking."
" The 850 is rated for +P ammo, although Taurus does caution that extensive use of it could shorten service life. However, unlike the maxim preaching "Don't train just with .38s and then load .357s for defense" in .357 Magnum revolvers, I think practicing with .38s and carrying .38 +P is a sensible approach. Just be sure you know what, if any, point-of-aim disparity exists between the two."


Friday, November 21, 2025

Thursday, November 20, 2025

Windows gets hardware-accelerated BitLocker encryption on new devices in 2026

Another way to sell new computers ...

"Cryptographic operations are now offloaded from the main processor to dedicated hardware, boosting performance and reducing system overhead. On supported hardware, encryption keys are now hardware-protected by being wrapped and isolated at the silicon level, which helps to minimize exposure to CPU and memory vulnerabilities, and raises the bar for data protection."

"The new BitLocker was announced alongside other security enhancements coming soon to Windows 11, including a more resilient driver stack that "raises the bar" when it comes to driver signing. Plus, it's also reducing reliance on proprietary kernel-level drivers for peripherals, replacing them with in-box Windows drivers."

PTSource MiniVM & MiniVMDOS virtual environment and operating system

"PTSource MiniVMDOS is a professional low-cost operating system in the lineage of DOS operating systems intended to run legacy software inside PTSource MiniVM for Windows x86 and x64. 
Although PTSource MiniVMDOS is a real DOS system and can be installed on real hardware or other virtual machines with the provided tools, it comes preconfigured and optimized for PTSource MiniVM wich permits transparent web and network access seamlessly into its familiar command-line interface and moreover, it introduces native support for printing text to Windows printers, streamlining document management across platforms."
  • Runs contained inside PTSource MiniVM
  • PTSource PTSGET package manager included
  • PTSource MiniVMDOS SDK available for developers
  • Network support and multiuser environment
  • PTSource Basic interpreter & compiler - compatible clone of GW-BASIC & IBM BASICA
  • PTSource Calc included - a compatible clone of VISICALC
  • 300 DOS Commands and Utilities
  • MiniVMDOS Commander - a dual-panel file manager inspired by Norton Commander
  • Image Viewer Included (gif|jpg|jpe|jfi|bmp|pcx)
  • Media Viewer Included (mpeg|fli|flc)
  • Docs Viewer Included (doc|wkb)
  • Spreadsheets Viewer Included (dbf|xls|wrk|wr1|wkt|wks|wkq|wk1)
  • MiniVMDOS Menu Shell - full-screen interface
  • UNIX and CMD style commands
  • ZIP & UNZIP
  • Python
  • Perl
  • Bash, CSH and CMD interpreters
  • PGPShell with PGP encryption
  • Samba Client
  • TCP/IP NetNode Client and Driver
  • Lynx, Gopher, WGET, FTP, IRC, RSYNC, VNC, SSH and more…
  • 100% Compatible with MS-DOS, PC-DOS, DR-DOS
PTSource MiniVM:
" PTSource MiniVM is a general purpose virtual machine for Windows x86 and x64. 
PTSource MiniVM is designed to run contained virtual machine legacy operating systems in the latest Windows versions. 
MiniVM provides advanced features such as support for multiuser applications, printing to PDF printers, tighter integration with Windows, enhanced keyboard, mouse and display support, transparent web and network access, minimal and compact code and real hardware emulation."

PTSource Wiki & Store:  https://store.ptsource.eu/
  • Find updated -
    • documentation
    • tutorials 
    • the latest free downloads from our ongoing projects. 
  • Buy -
    • scripts
    • software
    • hardware
    • books
    • order services, support or websites. 
  • Access a free knowledge database of code and links for students and developers. 
Some Windows development and other software is available -
" PTSource Developer Platform is a professional IDE, Source Code Editor and Compiler, tools, templates and libs for professionals and students with build environments for Windows x86 and x64. It offers many powerful features for programming and syntax highlighing for over 100 languages. "
 
"PTSource MiniVMLinux is a refreshed minimalistic Linux distribution, tailored for vintage low-spec PCs or Virtual Machines. Designed to run on 386/486-class hardware with as little as 4MB of RAM, this port brings a lightweight, functional Linux environment to machines that cant handle modern operating systems."

Online Learning: https://store.ptsource.eu/free_courses  -  Online learning involves courses offered by postsecondary institutions that are 100% virtual (mostly youtube).  Lots of general purpose training, not limited to this environment.
Training is also available specifically for their products.

Wednesday, November 19, 2025

Damn Small Linux, DSL 2024 Information

A Linux distribution for very basic PCs
https://damnsmalllinux.org/

Thanks,
Adrian

Monday, November 17, 2025

Toyota Sienna pop-top minivan camper

Unicamp Sienna Pop Top (vendor site):
https://unicamp-usa.com/product/details/unicamp-sienna-poptop
"The Toyota Sienna equipped with a Unicamp Pop Top roof tent provides a protected, cozy, and safe accommodation."  $16,000.00 - with installation & a two-year warranty.

Inside access to inside sleeping on the roof.  It fits all 4th generation Siennas (from 2021 up as of 2026), including AWD hybrids (a 204-in-long light camper van with standard hybrid powertrain and available all-wheel-drive).  They offer  installation at their Henderson, Nevada location.  It seems expensive, but compared to the price of an purpose-built camper, it seems more reasonable.

Pop Top Interior Dimensions
  Height: 2100 mm / 82.67 inches
  Width: 1100 mm / 43.30 inches
Bed Dimesions
  Length : 83.46457 inches
   Width : 37.4016 inches

Toyota Sienna pop-top minivan camper is ready to roam US highways (April, 2025):
https://newatlas.com/outdoors/unicamp-toyota-sienna-pop-up-minivan/
"Unicamp's reinforced thermosetting plastic roof is a bit more conspicuous than more flush pop-up van roofs out there, looking something like a rooftop cargo box when closed. But owners should quickly forgive any perceived aesthetic deficit the first time the roof immediately transforms the 7-or 8-seat Sienna MPV into a pop-up bedroom, revealing an 84 x 37-in (213 x 94-cm) bed for two."
"Unicamp's Pop Top is a replacement for the Sienna factory roof only and not a complete camper van floor plan. The tilt-lift bed, then, doesn't clear up usable standing room since it's set over top rear seating and not the van floor, but it does provide interior access up into the roof area. The van below remains a stock three-row MPV good for daily driving, but now with the addition of an always-onboard weekend/road trip camping solution."
"For a little extra all-terrain camping prowess, Toyota offers the all-wheel-drive Sienna Woodland Edition with a slight lift up to 7 in ground clearance (from 6.4 in on other trims) & a 120-V AC outlet/1,500-W inverter for powering camping tools and accessories."   After-market Lift Kits are also available.
"Toyota also offers a variety of optional Sienna camping add-ons, including Dometic outdoor furniture, a fast-deploying Kammok Crosswing side awning, a Kammok Outpost vehicle-supported hammock stand, and a Yakima Exo kitchen box."

The Toyota Sienna Is Now a Sleek Camper Van, Thanks to a Motorized Pop-Top (Feb, 2024):
https://www.gearpatrol.com/cars/toyota-sienna-pop-top-camper-van-unicamp/
"Thanks to electric motors, it opens and closes in a claimed five seconds flat at the touch of a button — either one inside the van or one on the Sienna's key fob."



Wednesday, November 12, 2025

Ian Scott's PicoIDE Turns a Raspberry Pi RP2350 Into a Feature-Packed Hard Drive and CD Emulator - Hackster.io

Use an SD card to store data and emulate an older IDE drive to bring more functionality to older PCs:
https://www.hackster.io/news/ian-scott-s-picoide-turns-a-raspberry-pi-rp2350-into-a-feature-packed-hard-drive-and-cd-emulator-c1ae0fb6c53e

Selecting Sensors For Various LS Engine Generations


" When it comes to the two different generations of LS engine, choosing the correct LS sensors can be tricky, because the number of sensors used is the same, but they aren't the same sensors exactly ..."

Thursday, November 6, 2025

Ruger GP100 Match Champion Revolver - 357 Magnum or 10mm

Either cartridge is a good choice for defense against dangerous animals, but the 10MM may be a better choice in bear country.

Friday, October 31, 2025

Canva moves Affinity photo-editting + to a free model

"Affinity, one of the only tools that competes directly with Adobe's photo and design suite, is now completely free. It arrives as a single, reimagined app that unifies photo editing, vector design, and layout tools in one place. According to Affinity, it is free forever for everyone on Windows and macOS, with an iPad version coming soon."

" There are strong alternatives across other creative categories, too. Davinci Resolve continues to dominate in the video space for many editors, and there are plenty of other tools out there if you are willing to look."

Wednesday, October 29, 2025

Setting up a FreedomBox server

FreedomBox: take your online privacy back!  https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox/Introduction
FreedomBox is a ready made personal server, designed with privacy and data ownership in mind.
A list of Applications available with FreedomBox:  https://wiki.debian.org/FreedomBox/Features 

Unlock Your Online Freedom with FreedomBox on Raspberry Pi:
  •     FreedomBox allows users to host services like chat, Git, and MediaWiki on a Raspberry Pi, prioritizing privacy and security.
  •     FreedomBox is well-supported on Raspberry Pi 3 and 4, making it an excellent option for setting up services at home.
  •     After flashing FreedomBox onto an SD card for the Pi, users can access the web interface to set up, configure, and monitor various applications.
"Zoph is a FreedomBox application that helps you store, organize, and share photos. Is it a replacement for the big photo website? Not completely and mainly for the lack of rich editing tools..."





Friday, October 24, 2025

Tinkercad design tool for 3D printing

"Tinkercad is a free-of-charge, online 3D modeling program that runs in a web browser."  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinkercad
"Tinkercad uses a simplified constructive solid geometry method of constructing models. A design is made up of primitive shapes that are either "solid" or "hole". Combining solids and holes together, new shapes can be created, which in turn can be assigned the property of solid or hole. In addition to the standard library of primitive shapes, a user can create custom shape generators using a built-in JavaScript editor."
"Shapes can be imported in three formats: STL and OBJ for 3D, and 2-dimensional SVG shapes for extruding into 3D shapes. Tinkercad exports models in STL or OBJ formats, ready for 3D printing."

Autodesk Tinkercad:  https://www.tinkercad.com/
Online training is available ... (create a personal account).

Getting Started Guide:  https://assets.ctfassets.net/jl5ii4oqrdmc/4nMtGEJi53o3n7V2KJKG7a/0b1818fdecff4868bebc74ebeaf925cf/Tinkercad_Getting_Started_Guide_printable.pdf

Tinkercad Wiki:  https://tinkercad.fandom.com/wiki/Tinkercad

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/explore/search/keyword/?q=tinkercad%20tutorials
https://www.instagram.com/explore/search/keyword/?q=tinkercad%20platform





Friday, October 10, 2025

Drill press station plans

https://www.woodsmithplans.com/plan/3-in-1-drill-press-upgrade/

Workbench on aluminum extrusion frame


There are some interesting ideas in this video:

Blog with more details and measurements: https://www.blacktailstudio.com/blog/...

"Items used in this video: